FACULTY

BARA/CRIST ALLIANCE OH. According to local history, General Robinson, a railroad official from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, named this Ohio town "Alliance" in 1850. Known for a short time as "The Crossing," Robinson believed that Alliance was a better name since the nation's two major railroads intersected here. The name stuck, and in 1854, the communities of Williamsport, Freedom, and Liberty incorporated as the town of Alliance. In 1889, the Village of Mount Union was annexed and Alliance became a city. Not only did the railroads help form our community, they established Alliance as a city of industry. Even though the town has remained relatively small, with approximately 23,000 citizens in 1990, industry has played a vital role in the development of Alliance. Many citizens attribute the strong leadership of the town's governing body to its industrial growth. This pictorial compilation documents the growth of the railroad and the stores and factories located along these railroad routes. Even today, the availability of trains and the intersection of key lines in Alliance is important to manufacturers. About the Author Authors Craig Bara and Lyle Crist have assembled a charming and fascinating look at the early years of Alliance. Many of the photographs were taken from the extensive collection of the Alliance Historical Society, which has received numerous donations from generations of citizens. Authors Bara and Crist also rely on the vivid accounts of Alliance from friends and relatives who knew the town well. This collection of photographs and storytelling is a wonderful gift to pass on to future generations.

BOTZMAN TECHNOLOGY & COMPETITIVENESS IN MEXICO. Technology and Competitiveness in Mexico examines Mexico's efforts to transform from Third Word to First World economic status as international trade agreements are signed, and many closed economies open. Thomas J. Botzman explores this process by consolidating scholarly literature on Mexican technological development, including that published since the foreign reserve crisis and the subsequent devaluation of the peso in 1994. He discusses the technology transfer practices and industrial transformation as routes to international competitiveness in the manufacturing sector, an accepted key to economic growth and development, while highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of industrial development in Mexico. Botzman seeks to provide a benchmark for the study of modern technology development and competitiveness of Mexican industry through a greater understanding of the cooperative linkages that need to be formed between academia, government, and private industry using case studies of the automobile, textile, chemical, and steel industries. About the Author: Dr Botzman is the current president of University of Mount Union and as well as a former Professor of Economics at the University.

BRIDGES WHERE IS THE WILD. Poems

CARR NEWMAN & GADAMER: TOWARD A HERMENEUTICS OF RELIGIOUS KNOWLEDGE (AAR REFLECTION & THEORY IN THE STUDY OF RELIGION). This volume is a work of comparison, criticism & construction. The author examines the religious epistemology of John Henry Newman along side the philosophical hermeneutics of Hans-Gerog Dadamer. Both writers cover a surprising amount of common ground; they make similar claims; and they fall into similar errors. A critical examination of four of Newman's leading ideas - first principles, antecedent probability, doctrinal development, and the illative sense - are compared with such Gadamerian themes as self-understanding, Bildung projection, tradition & the fusion of horizons. the author concludes with a constructive proposal that applies a Newman-Gadamer synthesis to questions about a knowledge of God About the Author: Thomas Carr is a former Professor of Religious Studies at Mount Union College

CRAIG RELIGION & RADICAL POLITICS: AN ALTERNATIVE CHRISTIAN TRADTION IN THE UNITED STATES. Explores the history of American left-wing Christians who discovered the convergence between radical politics and Christian faith. This book examines the histories of individuals, movements, and organizations that encompass more than a century of American history, and discusses the role of religious activism in movements of social transformation.

CRIST THROUGH THE RAIN AND RAINBOW. The remarkable life of Richard Kinney

DEGRANGE GENERAL'S HORSEWOMAN. Bourtai, A Manchu Princess, is given as a bribe to the prominent Chinese general, Wu San Gui. During the tumultuous fall of the Ming Dynasty and the rise of the Qing Dynasty, the lives of Bourtai and Wu are entwined for both good and ill. About the Author Carol DeGrange is a retired English professor who lives in Alliance, Ohio with her husband, Dr. Donald Hobson. She has had many poems and a novel, The Ming Legacy, published. A local newspaper critic, Thomas Harper, called The Ming Legacy an intriguing mix combining history, art, and murder" Her fascination with China goes back to her childhood. Fortunately, she was asked to teach graduate students at Northeast Electrical Engineering Institute in Jilin in the 1989-90 year. Again in 1995, she was invited to teach in the graduate program of Sun-Yat-Sen University. Her husband joined her both years to do research on religions in China.

GRIMMINGER PARIS IMAGES OF AMERICA. (PARIS OH) In 1806, Rudolph Bair came to Ohio from Pennsylvania and settled on one of the highest points in Stark County and called it Paris. After its establishment in 1814, this town became an important center of business and the arts. As a stagecoach stop on the main road from Pittsburgh to the West, this village evolved into a hub of American culture. By the late 1800s, Paris had dry goods stores, a drug store, two hotels, wagon factories, harness shops, shoe shops, blacksmith shops, a meat market, mills, a vinegar factory, and three churches. Local farmers also came to Paris to do business, worship in Paris�s churches, and absorb the latest news. The legacy of this village and its surrounding farmland lives on here in photographs, artifacts, and descendents of early settlers. About the Author Dr. Daniel Jay Grimminger is a lifelong member of the Paris Community. He holds a Ph.D. (University of Pittsburgh), Doctor of Church Music (Claremont Graduate University), and a M.A. (Trinity Lutheran Seminary). He has served as the archivist for Israel's Lutheran Church in Paris and as assistant archivist for the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America at Columbus. He taught at Mount Union College in Alliance and resides on the old Charles Lutz Farm.

GROSSMAN & MATTHEWS PERSPECTIVES ON THE LEGACY OF GEORGE W. BUSH. Opinions of the Presidency of George W. Bush and his perceived legacy seem to exist only at the extremes. From the contentious outcome of the 2000 election, to the attacks on September 11, to the ongoing War in Iraq and Afghanistan, to the efforts to transform major domestic policies, and culminating with the financial crisis of 2008, it is little wonder that the name George W. Bush tends not to evoke lukewarm opinion. During his time in office, Bush obtained the highest approval ratings of any sitting president, but also the lowest. Scholars and other observers of the Bush Presidency have been similarly divided. Across the board, the presidency of George W. Bush raises questions that invite challenges to political scientists, scholarly questions of significant general interest. The authors in this volume begin the process of addressing some of these questions, with essays that cover an array of issues related to his presidency, and the legacy it leaves. This collection of essays presented at the Mount Union College Symposium on the Legacy of George W. Bush, seeks to provide some balance, offering some initial assessments of the consequences of this controversial president and his eventful tenure in office. About the Authors: Michael Grossman is the Director of International Studies at Mount Union College. His recent publications include: 'Ethnicity and National Identity Externalized: The impact of identity on foreign policy in post-Soviet Ukraine.' in The Politics of Ethnicity and National Identity and 'Role Theory and Foreign Policy Change: The Transformation of Russian Foreign Policy in the 1990s' International Politics (42). Ronald Eric Matthews, Jr. served as the Director of the Ralph and Mary Regula Center for Public Service and Assistant Professor of Political Science during his time at Mount Union. Dr. Matthews has a keen interest in social policy issues as seen through the lens of Protestant evangelicalism.

JOHNSON FAITHFUL WITNESS IN A FTRACTURED WORLD: MODELS FOR AN AUTHENTIC CHRISTIAN LIFE.Christians have always looked to models within the Christian faith to guide their lives. At a time when the church is more identifiable by ugly partisan politics--what we call "crappy Christianity"--than by compassionate neighbor love, this book highlights the lives and work of seven individuals who are pursuing their Christian calling in humility and profound love for and service to others, this book highlights the lives and work of seven individuals who are pursuing their Christian calling in humility and profound love for and service to others. Their commitments have led to vocations in working with homeless women, employing refugees, lobbying on Capitol Hill for environmental protection, healing trauma in urban communities, peacemaking in Israel-Palestine, advocating for immigrants, and walking alongside people in addiction recovery. Their individual and collective witness offer compelling examples of authentic Christian life, which is marked in part by active, embodied faith in pursuit of the common good; a broad and inclusive love for all people; rightly ordered political identities and loyalties; and a commitment to work toward holistic redemption of both people and the systems that constitute our life together. In contrast to much of contemporary American Christianity, these models of faith demonstrate that Christians should focus much more on what we are for rather than what we are against. About the Authors Nicole (Niki) L. Johnson is Professor of Religious Studies and Interdisciplinary Studies at the University of Mount Union in Alliance, Ohio. She is the author of Practicing Discipleship: Lived Theologies of Nonviolence in Conversation with the Doctrine of the United Methodist Church (Wipf & Stock, 2009) as well as several articles and chapters at the intersection of religion and society. Michael T. Snarr is Professor of Political Science and Director of the Honors Program at Wilmington College (Ohio). He has edited several books and served on the boards of various faith-based organizations, including Sugartree Ministries, Friends Committee on National Legislation, and Christian Peacemaker Teams.

JOHNSON PRACTICING DISCIPLESHIP: LIVED THEOLOGIES OF NONVIOLENCE IN THE CONVERSATION WITH THE DOCTRINE OF THE UNITED METHOD CHURCH. Despite a plurality of doctrinal statements on war, peace, and nonviolence, some United Methodists sustain a commitment to nonviolence. Through qualitative research, Practicing Discipleship draws out lived theologies of nonviolence in order to understand how nonviolent United Methodists define, ground, and practice nonviolence, and to give that voice opportunity to challenge church doctrine and thereby the wider church. An analysis of statements from the Book of Disciplines and the Book of Resolutions reveals the plurality of Methodist teachings on moral issues related to war and peace. While such plurality is indicative of the inclusive tradition of United Methodism, Johnson shows that it also causes confusion, thus hindering the vitality and authority of the church's witness. This study's qualitative analysis of in-depth interviews with twelve nonviolent United Methodists reveals a lived theology rooted in Scripture and theological reflection: it points particularly to a christocentrism that posits nonviolence as central to Christ's teachings and example. While study participants affirm the tradition of openness in the United Methodist Church, they also call for more tangible and extensive support for and education about nonviolence as a faithful option for Christians. Through amicable and constructive practical-theological dialogue, doctrinal plurality, and ecclesial openness are affirmed as appropriate and possible only within the context of the church's profound commitment to serious discipleship, which includes transformation toward nonviolence. Implications of this interaction include developing and adopting a more truthful conception of a nonviolent ethics, moving toward broadly conceived Christian formation in nonviolence, and fostering ongoing ecclesial dialogue about difficult moral issues of war, peace, and nonviolence. About the Author: Nicole L Johnson is a Professor of Religion and Interdisciplinary Studies at the University of Mount Union in Alliance OH. She also has co-authored FAITHFUL WITNESS IN A FRACTURED WORLD

MCELROY AMERICAN PRESIDENTS & FIRST LADIES VOL IV. Some copies maybe signed. Author/historian Rich McElroy once again captures the stories and fact behind the Presidents, their wives and families in a fascinating written collection of historical profiles. He highlights interesting and amusing events in the lives of our Chief Executives. About the Author Richard McElroy is a presidential scholar and author of eleven books. After three decades as an educator in public schools, he served as a historian at the William McKinley Presidential Library and Museum in Canton, Ohio. He has been a professor at Mount Union University in Alliance, Ohio.

MCELROY BATTLEFIELD PRESIDENTS: ZACHARY TAYLOR & BENJAMIN HARRISON & THIER AMERICA. This book is a remarkable story of two heroes whose careers led them to the White House. Zachary Taylor and Benjamin Harrison were cousins who shared much in common. From their childhood in the Ohio Valley, through schooling and military exploits, both shared similar political views. Taylor and Harrison also experienced triumph and tragedy. The author examines the lives of each man and takes a look at their families and administrations. Though neither man may be considered a great chief executive, both made valuable contributions that have been ignored or forgotten. Additionally, American society, culture, demographics, events, and lifestyles during their presidency are examined. About the Author Richard McElroy is a presidential scholar and author of eleven books. After three decades as an educator in public schools, he served as a historian at the William McKinley Presidential Library and Museum in Canton, Ohio. He has been a professor at Mount Union University in Alliance, Ohio.

OLIN-HITT HOMEGOING: A NOVEL. The HOMEGOING is a reluctant trip back to a time and place we may remember, but would prefer to forget, only to find that what is most longed for is waiting there. Ruthie Sherman has made it out. She's shaken off all that she detested back home in the tiny foothill town where she grew up. A summer visit to Laurelville makes it clear, however, that the dysfunctional family, restrictive religion, and unshakable country speech still cling to her like mud from Laurel Creek. Curiosity about the suspicious death of her aunt Hannah eighteen months before Ruthie�s birth, leads her through a town alive with whispers, to hills filled with dark secrets. Dartha, Ruthie�s dreaded, faith-healing, herbalist grandmother, has secrets of her own, yet yearns for Ruthie's approval and, in the end, her own homegoing. About the Author Michael Olin-Hitt is Professor of English at the University of Mount Union, where he teaches creative writing, American Literature, and Native American Literature. He has published numerous short stories in literary journals in addition to two books: The Word of God Upon My Lips and A Fish Made of Water. THE HOMEGOING is his first novel. He lives in Green, Ohio with his wife and two children. -

OSBORNE JEWEL IN THE RING. Astronomy at Mount Union College & Clarke Observatory

PERONE CAROLE KING. Carole King's early compositional work in the 1970s paved the way for many women songwriters of popular music. Among her best-known compositions are You've Got a Friend, Up on the Roof, Will You Love Me Tomorrow? and (You Make Me Feel Like) A Natural Woman. This reference encompasses Carole King's musical career from her compositions in the early 1960s through the 1990s, including her recently composed My One True Friend for the film One True Thing and Anyone at All for the film You've Got Mail. A brief biography of Carole King, which includes a critical analysis of her music, precedes an extensive discography of 1,275 recording entries and bibliography sections. Popular music scholars, along with Carole King fans, will appreciate this detailed source of available research materials on Carole King. The discography is divided into three sections: a performance discography, a miscellaneous discography, and a composition discography. Separate bibliographies cover writings, such as reviews, that focus on King's recordings, a general bibliography, and a brief bibliography of electronic resources. A filmography and videography are also included. James E. Perone is Professor of Music at Mount Union College, where he teaches American music and music theory, and chairs the Department of Music. He is the series editor for The Praeger Singer-Songwriter Collection, for which he has also written four volumes: The Sound of Stevie Wonder (2006), The Words and Music of Carole King (2006), The Words and Music of David Bowie (2007), and The Words and Music of Prince (2008). He is also the author of several Greenwood Press books, including Music of the Counterculture Era (2004) and Woodstock: An Encyclopedia of the Music and Art Fair (2005).

PERONE ELVIS COSTELLO. The influential rock musician Elvis Costello is recognized for the impressive breadth and scope of his music. His collaborations with such musicians as Tony Bennett and the Count Basie orchestra, however, attest to the many contradictions that define Elvis Costello, the punk rocker. This important guide to his music and career contains over 800 bibliographic citations and a complete discography of Costello's commercially released recordings. The discography, divided into two sections, separately details Costello's career as performer and composer. A brief biography traces his critically acclaimed career and highlights both the influences on his music and the myriad ways in which his music has influenced others. The vast information compiled in this guide to further research is as interesting and diverse as Costello's career. Rock music scholars, musicologists, and Costello enthusiasts will appreciate the videography/filmography, bibliography of musical scores, and list of electronic resources that supplement the extensive discography and annotated bibliography. A works index and a general index make it easy to cross-reference and locate specific information. About the Author James E. Perone is Professor of Music at Mount Union College, where he teaches American music and music theory, and chairs the Department of Music. He is the series editor for The Praeger Singer-Songwriter Collection, for which he has also written four volumes: The Sound of Stevie Wonder (2006), The Words and Music of Carole King (2006), The Words and Music of David Bowie (2007), and The Words and Music of Prince (2008). He is also the author of several Greenwood Press books, including Music of the Counterculture Era (2004) and Woodstock: An Encyclopedia of the Music and Art Fair (2005).

PERONE MODS, ROCKERS & THE MUSIC OF THE BRITISH INVASION. Musical floodgates were opened after the Beatles' first appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show on February 9, 1964. Suddenly, the U.S. record charts, radio, and television were overrun with British rock and pop musicians. Although this British Invasion was the first exposure many Americans had to popular music from the United Kingdom, British pop ― and more specifically British rock and roll ― had been developing since the middle of the 1950s. Author James Perone here chronicles the development of British rock, from the 1950s imitators of Elvis Presley and other American rockabilly artists, to the new blends of rockabilly, R&B, Motown, and electric blues that defined the British Invasion as we recognize it today. Die-hard fans of the Beatles, the Who, and the Kinks will all want a copy, as will anyone interested in the 1960s more generally. May 1964 saw major gang-style battles break out in British resort communities between the Mods and the Rockers. The tensions between the two groups had been developing for several years, with each group claiming their own sense of culture and style. The Mods wore designer clothing, rode Vespa motor scooters, and shared an affinity for black American soul music, while the Rockers favored powerful motorcycles, greased-back hair, and 1950s American rock and roll. It was within this context that the sounds of the British Invasion developed. Mods, Rockers, and the Music of the British Invasion chronicles the development of British rock through the iconic artists who inspired the movement, as well as through the bands who later found incredible success overseas. In addition to analyzing the music in the context of the British youth culture of the early 1960s, Perone analyzes the reasons that the British bands came to so thoroughly dominate the record charts and airwaves in the United States. The contributions of Cliff Richard, Billy Fury, Johnny Kidd and the Pirates, Tommy Steele, the Tornados, Tony Sheridan, Blues Incorporated, and others to the development of British rock and roll are examined, as are the contributions and commercial and artistic impact of major British Invasion artists such as the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, the Dave Clark Five, the Yardbirds, Manfred Mann, the Who, the Kinks, and others. After investigating these groups and their influences upon one another, Perone concludes by examining the commercial and stylistic impact British rock musicians had on the American music of the time. About the Author James E. Perone is Professor of Music at Mount Union College, where he teaches American music and music theory, and chairs the Department of Music. He is the series editor for The Praeger Singer-Songwriter Collection, for which he has also written four volumes: The Sound of Stevie Wonder (2006), The Words and Music of Carole King (2006), The Words and Music of David Bowie (2007), and The Words and Music of Prince (2008).

PERONE MUSIC OF THE COUNTERCULTURE ERA (AMERICAN HISTORY THROUGH MUSIC). The late 1960s and early 1970s saw the flourishing of an American counterculture that affected many walks of society. The movement's music provided the soundtrack for this bellwether time in American cultural history. Such performers as Bob Dylan, Joan Baez, Phil Ochs, Arlo Guthrie, The Doors, John Lennon, James Brown, Jimi Hendrix, and The Grateful Dead ushered in new sounds, as well as new attitudes and philosophies for an emerging generation. With vibrant narrative chapters on the role of music in the anti-war movement, the Black power movement, the women's movement, political radicalism, drug use, and the counterculture lifestyle, James Perone details the emerging issues explored by performers in the Sixties and Seventies. A chapter of biographical sketches provides an easily accessible resource on significant performers, recordings, and terminology. Also included are chapter bibliographies, a timeline, and a subject index. The American History through Music series examines the many different styles of music that have played a significant part in our nation's history. While volumes in this series show the multifaceted roles of music in culture, they also use music as a lens through which readers may study American social history. The authors present in-depth analysis of American musical genres, significant musicians, technological innovations, and the many connections between music and the realms of art, politics, and daily life. Chapters present accessible narratives on music and its cultural resonations, music theory and technique is broken down for the lay reader, and each volume presents a chapter of alphabetically arranged entries on significant people and terms. James E. Perone is Professor of Music at Mount Union College, where he teaches American music and music theory, and chairs the Department of Music. He is the series editor for The Praeger Singer-Songwriter Collection, for which he has also written four volumes: The Sound of Stevie Wonder (2006), The Words and Music of Carole King (2006), The Words and Music of David Bowie (2007), and The Words and Music of Prince (2008). He is also the author of several Greenwood Press books, including Music of the Counterculture Era (2004) and Woodstock: An Encyclopedia of the Music and Art Fair (2005).

PERONE SONGS OF THE VIETNAM CONFLICT. Offering the widest scope of any study of one of popular music's most important eras, Songs of the Vietnam Conflict treats both anti-war and pro-government songs of the 1960s and early 1970s, from widely known selections such as Give Peace a Chance and Blowin' in the Wind to a variety of more obscure works. These are songs that permeated the culture, through both recordings and performances at political gatherings and concerts alike, and James Perone explores the complex relationship between music and the society in which it is written. This music is not merely an indicator of the development of the American popular song; it both reflected and shaped the attitudes of all who were exposed to it. Whereas in previous wars, musicians rallied behind the government in the way of Aaron Copland and Samuel Barber, the Vietnam conflict provoked anger, frustration, and rage, all of which comes through in the songs of the time. This reference work provides indispensable coverage of this phenomenon, in chapters devoted to Anti-War Songs, Pro-Government Songs, and what might be called Plight-of-the-Soldier (or Veteran) songs. A selected discography guides the reader to the most notable recordings, all of which, together, provide a unique and important perspective on perhaps the 20th century's most contentious time. James E. Perone is Professor of Music at Mount Union College, where he teaches American music and music theory, and chairs the Department of Music. He is the series editor for The Praeger Singer-Songwriter Collection, for which he has also written four volumes: The Sound of Stevie Wonder (2006), The Words and Music of Carole King (2006), The Words and Music of David Bowie (2007), and The Words and Music of Prince (2008). He is also the author of several Greenwood Press books, including Music of the Counterculture Era (2004) and Woodstock: An Encyclopedia of the Music and Art Fair (2005).

PHILLIPS REPRESENTATIONAL STRATEGIES IN LES MISERABLES & SELECTED DRAWINGS BY VICTOR HUGO: AN INTERMEDIAL COMPARISON. This book considers the interplay between art and literature by comparing representations techniques in passages from LES MISERABLES with artic techniques in selected drawings by Victor Hugo. In both his artistic and literary production, Hugo uses a composite representational strategy that blends verbal and visual elements - attempting to break free of textual and pictorial media constraints. His dual interest in text and image foreshadows contemporary expressive production, which now dominates communication. About the Author: James M Phillips received his Ph.D in Romance Studies from Duke University in 1997. He was the Director of Academic Computing during his time at Mount Union College in Alliance Oh. In addition to his research on Victor Hugo, his interests also include nineteenth-century fantastical literature and the study of of text and image.

SAFFELL WAKE THE ECHOS. The aim of this book is to recount the salient features of the history of Mount Union College for the years 1946 to the present. It is a sequel to Dr. Newell Yost Osborne's book, A Select School: The History of Mount Union College, which was published in 1967.

SAFFICI WHO'S IN CHARGE AROUND HERE? TAKING CONTROL OF YOUR LIFE & MAKING POSITIVE CHANGES. In a world where passing the buck is the norm, it’s easy to blame a lack of success on someone else. But, as Christopher Saffici writes, those who cede responsibility for their own choices do so at great personal peril, dooming themselves to a perpetual cycle of discontent and dreams of what could have been. Who’s in Charge Around Here? helps readers assess where they are in life and offers strategies for planning how to get where they really want to be. Here, Saffici shows readers how to overcome negative habits and thought processes and take control of their own lives. Through its action-oriented formulas and positive, proactive techniques, the book helps readers develop strong decision-making skills, learn how to deal with fears, change, and uncertainty, and realize dreams of a better life. About the Author; Dr. Christopher Saffici is a national speaker who has written numerous articles and has spoken to varied audiences across the country on personal and professional development. He was a Professor at Mount Union College

SAHA RELIGIOUS FUNDAMENTALISM. Using a variety of methodological approaches, this timely book offers a thorough examination of the impact and implications of religious fundamentalism in developing nations. The authors explore why and how adherence to fundamentalist principles affects the social, political, and religious development of such countries as Israel, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Egypt, and the Philippines. One of the most significant contributions of this volume is that it challenges the assumption that fundamentalism in developing countries is based solely on religious motivations. The authors maintain that fundamentalism of this sort is motivated by both religious and political convictions. This combination of religious and political motivations allows fundamentalism to exert a tremendous influence on the public policies of these developing nations. As the social fabric of such countries continues to be developed, it is clear that fundamentalism will continue to play a significant and potentially dangerous role. About the Author SANTOSH C. SAHA is Associate Professor, Department of History and Political Science, Mount Union College, Alliance, Ohio. THOMAS K. CARR is Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy, Mount Union College, Alliance, Ohio.

SAHA/CARR ISLAMIC, HINDU, & CHRISTIAN FUNDAMENTLISM COMPARED: PUBLIC POLICY IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES (STUDIES IN RELIGION & SOCIETY) About the Author SANTOSH C. SAHA is Associate Professor, Department of History and Political Science, Mount Union College, Alliance, Ohio. THOMAS K. CARR is Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy, Mount Union College, Alliance, Ohio.